A type of climate characterized by low annual mean temperatures (between 0° and 14°C), that is, a region of genuine winter emphasized by the usual snow mantle, and a true, although many times short, summer to produce a characteristic annual climate cycle. This is a (D) climate under the Köppen classification (1931) and, as defined by Thornthwaite's climatic classification scheme (1948), this is a climate with annual potential evapotranspiration between 14 and 43 cm. Compare megathermal climate, mesothermal climate.